2023 Biology
- Which of the following is an example of a microorganism in action as a disease vector?
- A. Fungi decomposing dead plant material
- B. Mosquito transmitting malaria
- C. Bacteria causing food poisoning
- D. Algae producing oxygen through photosynthesis
- Which of the following is a characteristic of cells related to irritability?
- A. Ability to respond to stimuli
- B. Ability to synthesize proteins
- C. Ability to generate energy
- D. Ability to replicate DNA
- The membrane around the vacuole is known as
- A. Elaioplast
- B. Amyloplast
- C. Tonoplast
- D. Cytoplast
- Which of the following is evidence of evolution?
- A. All of the above.
- B. Similarities in embryonic development
- C. Fossils of extinct organisms
- D. Homologous structures in different species
- Which of the following is an example of an adaptation for survival in social insects?
- A. Migration to warmer climates
- B. Production of venom for defense
- C. Formation of complex caste systems
- D. Hibernation during winter months
- Which of the following is NOT a part of the alimentary canal?
- A. Oesophagus
- B. Large intestine
- C. Liver
- D. Small intestine
- Which of the following is an evolutionary trend commonly observed in organisms?
- A. Decreased complexity over time
- B. Increased dependence on external resources
- C. Increased genetic diversity within populations
- D. Decreased adaptation to the environment
- Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Kingdom Plantae?
- A. Presence of chloroplasts
- B. Ability to perform photosynthesis
- C. Lack of cell walls
- D. Heterotrophic mode of nutrition
- A biome characterized by hot summer, warm winter and treeless vegetation is
- A. Steppe grasslands
- B. Temperate deserts
- C. Savannah grassland
- D. Tropical deserts
- Which of the following is an example of physiological variation in organisms?
- A. Variation in blood pressure among individuals
- B. Variation in beak shape among finches
- C. Differences in fur color in rabbits
- D. Variation in leaf shape in plants
- Which of the following are components of the skeletal system in humans?
- A. Cartilage and blood vessels
- B. Ligaments and tendons
- C. Muscles and nerves
- D. Bones and joints
- Which of the following represents an example of ecological management and conservation through a biological association?
- A. Construction of a dam for hydroelectric power
- B. Introduction of an invasive species for pest control
- C. Clear-cutting of a forest for timber extraction
- D. Establishment of marine protected areas
- The term cell was given by
- A. Robert Hooke
- B. Schwann
- C. De Bary
- D. Tatum
- Which of the following is the primary organ involved in gas exchange during respiration in humans?
- A. Diaphragm
- B. Bronchi
- C. Lungs
- D. Trachea
- Which gland is responsible for producing the hormone insulin?
- A. Thyroid gland
- B. Pituitary gland
- C. Pancreas
- D. Adrenal gland
- Most fishes do not sink in water because of the presences of:
I. swim bladder
II. air bladder
III. air sacs
IV. air in spongy bones
- A. II and III are correct
- B. I and II are correct
- C. I, II, III and IV are correct
- D. III and IV are correct
- In monohybrid inheritance, if an organism carries two different alleles for a particular gene, it is called:
- A. Homozygous
- B. Dominant
- C. Heterozygous
- D. Recessive
- What is the tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant?
- A. Xylem
- B. Epidermis
- C. Parenchyma
- D. Phloem
- Which of the following is an example of an abiotic ecological factor?
- A. Temperature
- B. Competition
- C. Predation
- D. Symbiosis
- Which of the following processes is involved in the reproduction of developing organisms?
- A. Budding
- B. Germination
- C. Fertilization
- D. Pollination
- Behavioral adaptation for dealing with a hot climate could include
- A. Hibernating during the hottest part of the day
- B. Large scales on the back of a lizard
- C. Feeding during the hottest part of the day
- D. A small kidney to conserve water
- The natural place of an organism or community is known as
- A. Niche
- B. Habit
- C. Biome
- D. Habitat
- Which process in the nutrient cycle converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can utilize?
- A. Denitrification
- B. Nitrogen fixation
- C. Ammonification
- D. Nitrification
- Which of the following functions is performed by the skin to help maintain homeostasis in the human body?
- A. Regulation of body temperature
- B. Filtration of blood
- C. Production of hormones
- D. Digestion of food
- Which of the following soil types becomes less fertile due to the intense leaching caused by tropical rains?
- A. Yellow soil
- B. Laterite soil
- C. Red soils
- D. Black soil
- Which type of reproduction involves the fusion of gametes from two parents?
- A. Sexual reproduction
- B. Asexual reproduction
- C. Binary fission
- D. Budding
- Which processes are involved in nutrient cycling in a functioning ecosystem?
- A. Erosion, weathering, and sedimentation
- B. Decomposition, evaporation, and precipitation
- C. Nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and ammonification
- D. Respiration, photosynthesis, and transpiration
- What is autotrophic nutrition?
- A. Nutrition in which organisms obtain food by breaking down complex organic compounds.
- B. Nutrition in which organisms obtain food from other organisms
- C. Nutrition in which organisms obtain food by consuming both plants and animals
- D. Nutrition in which organisms produce their own food using energy from the sun or inorganic substances
- The theory of evolution can be defined as
- A. The belief that all species were created in their current form
- B. The hypothesis that organisms strive to improve themselves over generations
- C. The idea that species change over time through natural processes
- D. The concept that evolution occurs through a series of sudden and dramatic changes
- Which of the following is a male reproductive organ in humans?
- A. Uterus
- B. Ovary
- C. Testis
- D. Fallopian tube
- Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation for survival in animals?
- A. Sharp teeth
- B. Migration
- C. Wings
- D. Camouflage
- Which of the following traits is not visible in a person with Down syndrome?
- A. Short neck
- B. High muscle tone
- C. Small stature
- D. Slant eyes
- What is the definition of population ecology?
- A. The study of interactions between organisms and their physical environment
- B. The study of evolutionary processes and their effects on populations
- C. The study of interactions between different populations in an ecosystem
- D. The study of the distribution and abundance of individuals within a species
- What is the term used to describe the maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can support indefinitely?
- A. Ecological niche
- B. Limiting factor
- C. Carrying capacity
- D. Density-dependent factor
- Which of the following statements about the heart is true?
- A. The heart is responsible for the production of red blood cells
- B. The heart pumps oxygenated blood to the lungs
- C. The heart receives blood from the kidneys and filters waste products
- D. The heart is a muscular organ that contracts to circulate blood throughout the body
- What is the primary source of variation in a population?
- A. Gene flow
- B. Mutation
- C. Natural selection
- D. Genetic drift
- Which component of blood is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body tissues?
- A. Platelets
- B. White blood cells
- C. Red blood cells
- D. Plasma
- What are the primary products of photosynthesis?
- A. Carbon dioxide and water
- B. Glucose and oxygen
- C. Glucose and carbon dioxide
- D. Oxygen and water
- The alternate form of a gene is
- A. Alternate type
- B. Dominant character
- C. Recessive character
- D. Allele
- Which organs are part of the alimentary canal in the human digestive system?
- A. Salivary glands, tongue, and pharynx
- B. Large intestine, appendix, and rectum
- C. Stomach, liver, and gallbladder
- D. Oesophagus, pancreas, and small intestine
- Which of the following characteristics is typical of the phylum Arthropoda?
- A. Radial symmetry
- B. Closed circulatory system
- C. Endoskeleton made of bones
- D. Presence of a segmented body
- Which of the following is an example of conserving resources in an ecosystem
- A. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture
- B. Introducing invasive species to an ecosystem
- C. Implementing sustainable fishing practices
- D. Cutting down trees for timber production
- Which of the following represents the correct hierarchical organization of life from the smallest to the largest scale?
- A. Organs, tissues, cells, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems
- B. Cells, organs, tissues, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems
- C. Tissues, organs, cells, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems
- D. Cells, tissues, organs, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems
- Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?
- A. Arteries
- B. Venules
- C. Capillaries
- D. Veins
- Which of the following factors primarily affects the distribution of organisms in an ecosystem
- A. Wind speed
- B. Soil pH
- C. Temperature
- D. Day length
- Which of the following is NOT a method of reproduction in animals?
- A. Asexual reproduction
- B. Budding
- C. Sexual reproduction
- D. Sporulation
- Which of the following statements is true about the kingdom Fungi?
- A. Fungi obtain nutrients by absorbing organic matter
- B. Fungi are photosynthetic organisms
- C. Fungi are multicellular organisms
- D. Fungi reproduce through the formation of seeds
- Viviparity refers to the reproductive strategy in which
- A. Offspring are produced by internal fertilization
- B. Offspring are produced by external fertilization
- C. Offspring develop and are nourished inside the female’s body
- D. Offspring develop and are nourished outside the female’s body
- Which of the following is the most inclusive level of classification in the Linnaean system?
- A. Kingdom
- B. Phylum
- C. Domain
- D. Class
- Which of the following describes the inheritance of traits from parents to offspring?
- A. Adaptation
- B. Evolution
- C. Natural selection
- D. Genetics